One of the United State’s newest dairy processing plants features advanced waste water treatment technology that not only radically improves biomass recovery and effluent quality, but also harnesses green energy from waste streams to drive production processes and reduce its carbon footprint.
Cayuga Marketing LLC – a collective of dairy farmers in the Finger Lakes Region, NY – decided to construct their local processing plant to reduce their milk-hauling costs while also greatly reducing transport emissions and carbon footprint as a result of the shorter transportation distances involved.
To achieve optimum environmental and efficiency benefits, CMI further decided to implement an anaerobic treatment process for their wastewater treatment facility, seeking to simultaneously achieve the most environmentally effective, energy- efficient and cost-efficient solution.
The GWE technology involved in the project is represented in Australia and New Zealand by CST Wastewater Solutions, whose Managing Director, Mr Michael Bambridge, says such technology is suited to local dairy, beef and food processing companies who value environmental and profit benefits from production processes.
“In addition to generating valuable biogas to replace fossil fuels, the technologies installed at Cayuga provide exceptional benefits for biomass recovery that are also strongly applicable to Australasia,” said Mr Bambridge, whose company recently installed GWE COHRAL(TM) technology at Oakey Beef Exports on Queensland’s Darling Downs, where it will extract green energy biogas from waste water streams to replace millions of dollars worth of natural gas currently consumed at the abattoir
In the US, CMI selected Global Water & Energy (GW&E) as the engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contractor to design, build and start up their new wastewater treatment facility, specified to achieve outstanding effluent discharge qualities while producing valuable biogas (methane ) initially for future utilization and electricity production. GW&E is the US branch of Global Water Engineering and results from a joint Venture with Western Water Constructors, Inc. GWE has completed scores of successful waste-to-energy projects around the world, each one responding to the particular needs of plants ranging from sugar cane and cassava through to potato products, brewery products and any wastewater stream with a biological waste content, says GWE Engineer Ms Natascha Janssens: “We determined that the ideal solution for wastewater treatment from a dairy plant such as Cayuga was provided by GWE’s FLOTAMET™ system” says Ms Janssens. “This unique GWE system offers high rate anaerobic treatment with GWE’s ANAMIX™ reactor (completely mixed continuous flow stirred tank reactor, CSTR) followed by biomass recovery in a combined sludge separation system consisting of GWE’s SUPERSEP-CF followed by GWE’s Dissolved Biogas Flotation (DBF) unit SUPERFLOT-BIOGAS™. ”
The SUPERFLOT-BIOGAS™ is a dissolved biogas flotation (DBF) system developed by GWE and used for high efficiency removal of anaerobic biomass from the effluent of an anaerobic treatment system. The anaerobic biomass is returned to the anaerobic system, thus increasing the sludge retention time. Such systems allow anaerobic reactors to be greatly reduced in size.
In SUPERFLOT-BIOGAS™ systems such as that used by Cayuga, the biomass is separated by means of flotation. Solids are forced to float by fine biogas bubbles attached to these solids. These fine gas bubbles are created by recycling clean effluent, in which biogas is dissolved under pressure. After injection into the lower part of the flotation tank, the pressure release results in formation of fine biogas bubbles. Since biogas is used instead of air, the system has a completely enclosed design.
The Cayuga plant is designed to treat 950 m3/d of wastewater and 95 m3/d of whitewater, together resulting in a total COD (Contained Oxygen Deficit effluent pollution) load of 6,000 kg/d
Approximately 80% of the COD load 85% of the BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) load and is removed in the FLOTAMET™ system, with the waste removed converted to biogas. This results in the production of up to 1,900 Nm³/d (at 75% CH4) of biogas, with an energy content of 590 kW.
Ms Janssens says the biogas will be used partially to heat up the wastewater in order to ensure optimal anaerobic digestion. As such, the anaerobic treatment plant does not create an additional energy demand to the factory for heating purposes. In a second phase it is the intended to use the remaining biogas to generate electricity in order to meet CMI’s goal to further decrease the carbon footprint of the factory.
The anaerobic effluent from the FLOTAMET™ system is treated in a conventional aerobic treatment by GW&E followed by a Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) for solids separation. The aerobic polishing of the anaerobic effluent ensures that the discharge from the plant to the local sewer will meet the strict discharge limits applying.
Anaerobic benefits
Anaerobic digestion facilities have been recognized by the United Nations development program as one of the most useful decentralized sources of energy supply because they are less capital-intensive than are large power plants.
Modern anaerobic processes can vastly concentrate the process in environmentally harmonious closed reactors, operated under ideal temperature and process control to optimize waste degradation and, in the process, generate large quantities of methane (CH4) from the organic materials in the wastewater.
Savings quickly repay the cost of anaerobic plant – typically within two years – while achieving permanent environmental benefits by replacing fossil fuel, says the Chairman and CEO of GWE, Mr Jean Pierre Ombregt.
“One ton of COD (chemical oxygen demand) digested anaerobically generates 350 Nm3 of methane, equivalent to approximately 312 liters of fuel oil, or generates about 1,400 kWh of green electricity.”
Anaerobic plants can also benefit local communities by providing local energy supplies while eliminating the need for large and often smelly and environmentally challenging aerobic and anaerobic lagoons commonly used outside the USA.
“Applying anaerobic wastewater treatment to a food or beverage business – or any business with an organic wastewater stream – sheds a whole different light on the cost structure of wastewater treatment infrastructure,” says Mr Ombregt. “It can now actually become a substantial additional source of income for many factories and processing plants throughout the world, including the food, beverage and agro industry and other primary product processing.”